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The UK levies 20% VAT on most goods and services and progressive income tax — 0% up to the personal allowance, then 20%, 40%, and 45% on higher slices.
The UK standard VAT rate is 20%, applied to most goods and services. Some categories sit at a reduced 5% (domestic fuel, child car seats) or 0% (most food, children's clothes, books). Businesses with turnover above £85,000 must register.
The personal allowance is £12,570 (0%). Above that: basic rate 20% to £50,270, higher rate 40% to £125,140, additional rate 45% above. The personal allowance tapers off above £100,000. Scottish residents pay different rates set by Holyrood.
Scottish income tax bands, National Insurance contributions (modelled in the Salary Calculator instead), Council Tax, capital gains, dividend allowances, and pension contributions. Use HMRC's official calculator for filing.
The standard UK VAT rate is 20%, applied to most goods and services. A reduced 5% rate covers things like domestic fuel and child car seats; a 0% rate applies to most food, children's clothes, books, and newspapers. Businesses with turnover above £85,000 must register for VAT.
For England, Wales, and Northern Ireland: 0% on the personal allowance up to £12,570, 20% on the basic rate to £50,270, 40% on the higher rate to £125,140, and 45% on additional rate income above £125,140. The personal allowance tapers off by £1 for every £2 earned above £100,000.
No. Scotland sets its own income tax bands — currently a starter rate of 19%, basic 20%, intermediate 21%, higher 42%, advanced 45%, and top 48%. This calculator models the England & Wales bands only.
No, not in the tax calculator. National Insurance (Class 1 employee contributions: 8% between £12,570 and £50,270, then 2%) is modelled in the Salary Calculator on this site. Together with income tax it determines your true take-home.
No. It's an educational tool using the 2024/25 thresholds published by HMRC. For filing, use HMRC's official Self Assessment calculator or speak to an accountant.
For information only — not financial, tax, or legal advice.
United Kingdom tax results are educational estimates using public brackets. Surcharges, cess, state / provincial layers, and most credits are excluded. Always verify with an official source and a licensed professional before filing, borrowing, or transacting. Read the full disclaimer.
ExpenseFlow tags every receipt with its tax breakdown automatically — OCR, categorization, and reports included.
